In Newton's problem,and other central force problems in Classical Mechanics, you can get with decreasing the center of mass movement to the lagrangian:
[itex]L=1/2m(r' ^2+r^2 \varphi'^2)-V(r) [/itex]
because [itex]\varphi [/itex] is cyclic, you can write:
[itex]\frac{d}{dt}(mr^2 \varphi')=0 [/itex]
or, defining the angular momentum:
[itex]mr^2 \varphi'=l [/itex]
In order for you to understand my question we will go through two ways:
Way no.1) Now if you go ahead and use euler-lagrange equation to r you will get:
[itex]\frac{d}{dt}(mr')=mr\varphi'^2-\frac{∂V(r)}{∂r} [/itex]
and exchanging for l you can get:
[itex]\frac{d}{dt}(mr')=\frac{l^2}{mr^3}-\frac{∂V(r)}{∂r} [/itex]
Way no.2) But if you first excange phi and then use euler-lagrange to r you get:
[itex]L=1/2m(r' ^2+\frac{l^2}{m^2r^2})-V(r)=1/2mr' ^2+\frac{l^2}{2mr^2}-V(r) [/itex]
and then euler lagrange for r:
[itex]\frac{d}{dt}(mr')=\frac{∂}{∂r}(\frac{l^2}{2mr^2})-\frac{∂V(r)}{∂r}=-\frac{l^2}{mr^3}-\frac{∂V(r)}{∂r} [/itex]
The plus in way no.1 became a minus in way no.2. How can you explain it?
If you can, don't show me a solution using energy because I already know that one. I want to use only lagrangian formalism.
[itex]L=1/2m(r' ^2+r^2 \varphi'^2)-V(r) [/itex]
because [itex]\varphi [/itex] is cyclic, you can write:
[itex]\frac{d}{dt}(mr^2 \varphi')=0 [/itex]
or, defining the angular momentum:
[itex]mr^2 \varphi'=l [/itex]
In order for you to understand my question we will go through two ways:
Way no.1) Now if you go ahead and use euler-lagrange equation to r you will get:
[itex]\frac{d}{dt}(mr')=mr\varphi'^2-\frac{∂V(r)}{∂r} [/itex]
and exchanging for l you can get:
[itex]\frac{d}{dt}(mr')=\frac{l^2}{mr^3}-\frac{∂V(r)}{∂r} [/itex]
Way no.2) But if you first excange phi and then use euler-lagrange to r you get:
[itex]L=1/2m(r' ^2+\frac{l^2}{m^2r^2})-V(r)=1/2mr' ^2+\frac{l^2}{2mr^2}-V(r) [/itex]
and then euler lagrange for r:
[itex]\frac{d}{dt}(mr')=\frac{∂}{∂r}(\frac{l^2}{2mr^2})-\frac{∂V(r)}{∂r}=-\frac{l^2}{mr^3}-\frac{∂V(r)}{∂r} [/itex]
The plus in way no.1 became a minus in way no.2. How can you explain it?
If you can, don't show me a solution using energy because I already know that one. I want to use only lagrangian formalism.