Hi, I'm studying classical mechanics via Goldstein's book. And at the beginning of the chapter on the symplectic approach to canonical transformations he writes (long citation ahead):
Third Edition, Page 381
CITATION BEGIN
By way of intruduction to this approach, let us consider a restricted canonical transformation, that is, one in which time does not appear in the equations of transformations:
(9.44)
[itex]Q_{i}=Q_{i}(q,p)[/itex]
[itex]P_{i}=P_{i}(q,p)[/itex]
We know that the Hamiltonian function does not change in such a transformation. The time derivative of [itex]Q_{i}(q,p)[/itex] on the basis of Eqs. 9.44, is to be found as
(9.45)
[itex]\dot{Q_{i}}= \frac{\partial Q_{i}}{\partial q_{j}} \dot{q_{j}} + \frac{\partial Q_{i}}{\partial p_{j}} \dot{p_{j}} = \frac{\partial Q_{i}}{\partial q_{j}} \frac{\partial H}{\partial p_{j}} - \frac{\partial Q_{i}}{\partial p_{j}} \frac{\partial H}{\partial q_{j}} [/itex]
On the other hand, the inverses of Eqs. 9.44
(9.46)
[itex]q_{j}= q_{j}(Q,P)[/itex],
[itex]p_{j}= p_{j}(Q,P)[/itex]
enables us to consider [itex]H(q,p,t)[/itex] as a function of [itex]Q[/itex] and [itex]P[/itex] and to form the partial derivative
(9.47)
[itex] \frac{\partial H(p_{j}(Q_{i},P_{i}), q_{j}(Q_{i},P_{i}))}{\partial P_{i}} = \frac{\partial H}{\partial p_{j}} \frac{\partial p_{j}}{\partial P_{i}} + \frac{\partial H}{\partial q_{j}} \frac{\partial q_{j}}{\partial P_{i}}[/itex]
Comparing Eqs. (9.45) and (9.47), it can be concluded that
[itex]\dot{Q_{i}} = \frac{\partial H}{\partial P_{i}}[/itex]
that is, the transformation is canonical, only if
(9.48a)
[itex](\frac{\partial Q_{i}}{\partial q_{j}})_{q,p} = (\frac{\partial p_{j}}{\partial P_{i}})_{Q,P} , (\frac{\partial Q_{i}}{\partial p_{j}})_{q,p} = (\frac{\partial q_{j}}{\partial P_{i}})_{Q,P}[/itex]
CITATION END
I don't understand what he did here:
"
Comparing Eqs. (9.45) and (9.47), it can be concluded that
[itex]\dot{Q_{i}} = \frac{\partial H}{\partial P_{i}}[/itex]
that is, the transformation is canonical, only if
(9.48a)
[itex](\frac{\partial Q_{i}}{\partial q_{j}})_{q,p} = (\frac{\partial p_{j}}{\partial P_{i}})_{Q,P} , (\frac{\partial Q_{i}}{\partial p_{j}})_{q,p} = (\frac{\partial q_{j}}{\partial P_{i}})_{Q,P}[/itex]"
How did he derive (9.48a) ?? I'm lost at "Comparing Eqs. 9.45 and 9.47...." What does mean with comparing?? :-/
Greets
Third Edition, Page 381
CITATION BEGIN
By way of intruduction to this approach, let us consider a restricted canonical transformation, that is, one in which time does not appear in the equations of transformations:
(9.44)
[itex]Q_{i}=Q_{i}(q,p)[/itex]
[itex]P_{i}=P_{i}(q,p)[/itex]
We know that the Hamiltonian function does not change in such a transformation. The time derivative of [itex]Q_{i}(q,p)[/itex] on the basis of Eqs. 9.44, is to be found as
(9.45)
[itex]\dot{Q_{i}}= \frac{\partial Q_{i}}{\partial q_{j}} \dot{q_{j}} + \frac{\partial Q_{i}}{\partial p_{j}} \dot{p_{j}} = \frac{\partial Q_{i}}{\partial q_{j}} \frac{\partial H}{\partial p_{j}} - \frac{\partial Q_{i}}{\partial p_{j}} \frac{\partial H}{\partial q_{j}} [/itex]
On the other hand, the inverses of Eqs. 9.44
(9.46)
[itex]q_{j}= q_{j}(Q,P)[/itex],
[itex]p_{j}= p_{j}(Q,P)[/itex]
enables us to consider [itex]H(q,p,t)[/itex] as a function of [itex]Q[/itex] and [itex]P[/itex] and to form the partial derivative
(9.47)
[itex] \frac{\partial H(p_{j}(Q_{i},P_{i}), q_{j}(Q_{i},P_{i}))}{\partial P_{i}} = \frac{\partial H}{\partial p_{j}} \frac{\partial p_{j}}{\partial P_{i}} + \frac{\partial H}{\partial q_{j}} \frac{\partial q_{j}}{\partial P_{i}}[/itex]
Comparing Eqs. (9.45) and (9.47), it can be concluded that
[itex]\dot{Q_{i}} = \frac{\partial H}{\partial P_{i}}[/itex]
that is, the transformation is canonical, only if
(9.48a)
[itex](\frac{\partial Q_{i}}{\partial q_{j}})_{q,p} = (\frac{\partial p_{j}}{\partial P_{i}})_{Q,P} , (\frac{\partial Q_{i}}{\partial p_{j}})_{q,p} = (\frac{\partial q_{j}}{\partial P_{i}})_{Q,P}[/itex]
CITATION END
I don't understand what he did here:
"
Comparing Eqs. (9.45) and (9.47), it can be concluded that
[itex]\dot{Q_{i}} = \frac{\partial H}{\partial P_{i}}[/itex]
that is, the transformation is canonical, only if
(9.48a)
[itex](\frac{\partial Q_{i}}{\partial q_{j}})_{q,p} = (\frac{\partial p_{j}}{\partial P_{i}})_{Q,P} , (\frac{\partial Q_{i}}{\partial p_{j}})_{q,p} = (\frac{\partial q_{j}}{\partial P_{i}})_{Q,P}[/itex]"
How did he derive (9.48a) ?? I'm lost at "Comparing Eqs. 9.45 and 9.47...." What does mean with comparing?? :-/
Greets